Kedu ihe wires 8 na eriri Ethernet na-eme

VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network) bụ teknụzụ nkwukọrịta nke na-ekewa LAN anụ ahụ n'ọtụtụ ngalaba mgbasa ozi. VLAN ọ bụla bụ ngalaba mgbasa ozi ebe ndị ọbịa nwere ike ịkparịta ụka ozugbo, ebe amachibidoro nkwukọrịta n'etiti VLAN dị iche iche. N'ihi ya, ozi mgbasa ozi bụ naanị otu VLAN.

Ọdịnaya

Kedu ihe kpatara achọrọ VLAN
·VLAN vs. Subnet
·VLAN Tag na VLAN ID
·Ụdị Interface VLAN na VLAN Tag Handling Mechanisms
·Ihe ngosi ojiji nke VLAN
·Okwu nwere VLAN na gburugburu igwe ojii

Kedu ihe kpatara achọrọ VLAN

Netwọk Ethernet mbụ bụ teknụzụ ịkparịta ụka n'igwe data dabere na CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detection) nke jiri usoro nzikọrịta ozi. Mgbe ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị ọbịa mụbara, ọ butere nnukwu ọgụ, oke ifufe mgbasa ozi, mmebi arụmọrụ dị ukwuu, na ọbụna nkwụsị netwọk. Ọ bụ ezie na ijikọ LAN na-eji ngwaọrụ Layer 2 nwere ike dozie nsogbu nkukota, ọ ka kwụsịrị ikewapụ ozi mgbasa ozi yana melite ogo netwọkụ. Nke a mere ka mmepe nke teknụzụ VLAN, nke kewara LAN n'ime ọtụtụ VLAN ezi uche dị na ya; VLAN ọ bụla na-anọchite anya ngalaba mgbasa ozi, na-eme ka nkwurịta okwu n'ime VLAN dị ka à ga-asị na ọ bụ LAN ma na-egbochi nkwurịta okwu inter-VLAN na igbochi ozi mgbasa ozi n'ime VLAN.

Ihe atụ 1: Ọrụ VLANs

Ya mere, VLAN nwere uru ndị a:

· Ibelata ngalaba mgbasa ozi: A na-amachi ngalaba mgbasa ozi n'ime VLAN, na-echekwa bandwidth na ịkwalite ikike nhazi netwọkụ.
Ịkwalite nchekwa LAN: Ozi sitere na VLAN dị iche iche na-anọpụ iche n'oge mgbasa ozi, nke pụtara na ndị ọrụ n'ime otu VLAN enweghị ike ịkọrọ ndị ọrụ na VLAN ọzọ.
Ọganihu netwọkụ na-abawanye: Emebere mmejọ naanị na otu VLAN, yabụ okwu dị n'ime otu VLAN anaghị emetụta ọrụ nkịtị nke VLAN ndị ọzọ.
· Mgbanwe Virtual Workgroup Construction: VLANs nwere ike kewaa ndị ọrụ n'ime otu ọrụ dị iche iche, na-enye ndị otu otu ọrụ ohere ịrụ ọrụ na-enweghị mmachi n'otu mpaghara anụ ahụ, na-eme ka owuwu na nrụzi netwọk dị mfe yana mgbanwe.

VLAN vs. Subnet

Site n'ịkewa akụkụ netwọkụ nke adreesị IP n'ime ọtụtụ subnets, enwere ike ileba anya obere ojiji nke oghere adreesị IP yana nkwụsi ike nke adreesị IP ọkwa abụọ. Yiri VLAN, subnets nwekwara ike kewapụ nkwurịta okwu n'etiti ndị ọbịa. Ndị ọbịa nke VLAN dị iche iche enweghị ike ịkparịta ụka ozugbo, dịka ndị ọbịa nọ na subnet dị iche iche enweghị ike. Agbanyeghị, ọ nweghị akwụkwọ ozi dị n'etiti ha abụọ.

VLAN	Netwọk
Ọdịiche	Ejiri ya kewaa netwọk Layer 2.
	Mgbe hazichara oghere VLAN, ndị ọrụ nọ na VLAN dị iche iche nwere ike ịkparịta ụka naanị ma ọ bụrụ na emebere ụzọ.
	Enwere ike ịkọwa ihe ruru 4094 VLAN; ọnụọgụ ngwaọrụ dị n'ime VLAN ejedebeghị.
Mmekọrịta	N'ime otu VLAN, enwere ike ịkọwa otu subnet ma ọ bụ karịa.

VLAN Tag na VLAN ID

Iji mee ka mgba ọkụ nwee ike ịmata ọdịiche dị na ozi sitere na VLAN dị iche iche, a ga-etinyerịrị mpaghara na-achọpụta ozi VLAN na ozi. Usoro IEEE 802.1Q na-akọwapụta na a ga-agbakwunye mkpado VLAN 4-byte (nke a maara dị ka VLAN Tag) na fremu data Ethernet iji chọpụta ozi VLAN.

Oghere VID dị na etiti data na-achọpụta VLAN nke etiti data bụ; Enwere ike ibunye etiti data naanị n'ime VLAN ahapụtara ya. Oghere VID na-anọchite anya VLAN ID, nke nwere ike ịdị site na 0 ruo 4095. Ebe ọ bụ na 0 na 4095 na-echekwa site na protocol, ebe dị irè maka VLAN ID bụ 1 ruo 4094. All data frames na-edozi n'ime ime site na mgba ọkụ na-ebu VLAN mkpado, ebe ụfọdụ ngwaọrụ (dị ka onye ọrụ na sava) ejikọrọ na mgba ọkụ na-eziga na nata omenala Ethernet okpokolo agba na-enweghị VLAN mkpado.

Ya mere, iji na ngwaọrụ ndị a na-emekọrịta ihe, mgbanwe ihu igwe ga-amata okpokolo agba Ethernet ọdịnala wee tinye ma ọ bụ yipụ mkpado VLAN n'oge nnyefe. Mkpado VLAN agbakwunyere kwekọrọ na VLAN ndabara nke interface ahụ (NJ VLAN nke Port Default, PVID).

Ụdị Interface VLAN na VLAN Tag Handling Mechanisms

Na netwọkụ ugbu a, ndị ọrụ nke otu VLAN nwere ike jikọọ na mgbanwe dị iche iche, yana enwere ike ịnwe ọtụtụ VLAN na-agafe n'ofe ọkụ. Ọ bụrụ na mkparịta ụka onye ọrụ dị mkpa, oghere dị n'etiti switches ga-enwe ike ịmata na zipu okpokolo agba data site na ọtụtụ VLAN n'otu oge. Dabere na ihe ejikọrọ yana ka esi ahazi okpokolo agba, enwere ụdị ihu VLAN dị iche iche iji nabata njikọ na netwọk dị iche iche.

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[AipuWaton] Ịghọta mkpa nke VLANs

Ọdịnaya

Kedu ihe kpatara achọrọ VLAN

Ihe atụ 1: Ọrụ VLANs

VLAN vs. Subnet

VLAN Tag na VLAN ID

Ụdị Interface VLAN na VLAN Tag Handling Mechanisms

Igwe njikwa

Sistemụ Cabling Haziri

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